Law of Conservation of Mass (Incomplete)

Law of Conservation of Mass

Keyword – chemical reaction, reactants, conservation of mass, percentage error, neutralization.

I. INTRODUCTION

II.OBJECTIVES

By the end of the experiment, the experimenter should be able to:

·         Verify and observe the Law of Conservation of Mass.

·         Observe and identify indicators of a chemical reaction.

III. HYPOTHESIS

The total mass of the reactants is equal to the mass of the products.

IV. METHODOLOGY

A. Materials

·         Chemical

Ø  Vinegar

·         Laboratory Materials

Ø  10 mL Graduated Cylinder

Ø  250 mL Erlenmyer Flask

Ø  600 mL Beaker

Ø  Analytical Balance

Ø  Funnel

·         Other Materials

Ø  2 L Soda Bottle

Ø  2 Medium Sized Balloons

Ø  Baking Soda

Ø  Newspapers

B. Experimental Procedures

·         Trial #1

Ø  First, measure and record the mass of the empty beaker using the analytical balance. Once done, using the graduated cylinder measure and pour about 30 mL of vinegar into the beaker, then weigh and record the mass of the beaker and vinegar.

Ø  Using the analytical balance weigh 5 g of baking soda onto a piece of newspaper and record the exact mass of baking soda used.

Ø  Place the beaker with vinegar and the paper with baking soda on the analytical  balance, then measure and record the mass of the reactants in their respective containers.

Ø  Pour  the baking soda into the beaker with vinegar and let the chemical reaction finish. Once it completes, Using the analytical balance, measure and record the mass of the reactants’ products.

·         Trial #2

Ø  Measure and record the mass of the empty 2 L soda bottle. After that, using the graduated cylinder measure about 30 mL of vinegar and pour it into the empty soda bottle through a funnel. Once finished, obtain the mass of the soda bottle with vinegar and then record it.

Ø  Weigh 5 g of baking soda onto a piece of newspaper using the analytical balance and record the exact mass of the baking soda along with the soda bottle that contains the vinegar.

Ø  Tilt the 2 L soda bottle with vinegar and insert the 5 g of baking soda into the neck of the soda bottle and close the cap tightly.

Ø  Tip the 2 L soda bottle upright and allow the chemical reaction between the reactants to complete. When finished, use the analytical balance to measure the mass of the chemical reaction’s products and then record it.

·         Trial #3

Ø  Using the analytical balance, measure and record the mass of the empty flask. Once finished, measure then about 30 mL of vinegar using the graduated cylinder and pour it into the 250 ml erlenmyer flask via a funnel. Obtain the mass of the flask with the vinegar using the analytical balance and record it.

Ø  Using the analytical balance obtain 5 of baking soda unto a piece of newspaper and then measure and record the exact mass of the baking soda and the erlenmyer flask that contains the vinegar. After that, measure the mass of the medium sized balloon.

Ø  Insert the 5 g of baking soda into the medium sized balloon. Slip the open end of the balloon over the mouth of the flask with vinegar without letting the baking soda enter the flask yet.

Ø  Once the open end of the balloon is completely covering the mouth of the flask, tip the balloon upright and allow the chemical reaction to finish. Once the reaction completes, measure and record the mass of the chemical reaction’s products using the analytical balance.

C. Safety Precautions

·         Safety googles and lab aprons must be worn, vinegar is a weak acid.

·         Handle all the laboratory apparatuses with care to avoid breakage.

V. DATA

TABLE I
QUANTITATIVE OBSERVATIONS

Mass	Trials
	1	2	3
Empty Container	213. 0 g	46.5 g	95.0
Container with Vinegar	242.0 g	73.5 g	124.0 g
Vinegar	29.0 g	27.0 g	29.0 g
Baking Soda	5.0 g	5.0 g	5.0 g
Container with Vinegar and Baking Soda	247.0 g	78.5 g	129.0 g
Reactants	34.0 g	32.0 g	34.0 g
Balloon	-	-	3.0 g
Container with Product	246.0 g	77.0 g	128.0 g
Product	33.0 g	30.5 g	33.0 g
Percent Error	2.94%	4.69%	2.94%

TABLE II
QUALITATIVE OBSERVATIONS

	Trial
	1	2	3
Before	The vinegar was in liquid form,
	The baking soda was in solid form, was powdery, and was  white.
After

VI. ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION

There were two reactants in this experiement, vinegar and baking soda. Vinegar is an acetic acid while baking soda is a bicorbonate or a base. The reaction of these two reactants are called Neutralization.

In Neutralization, an acid, which in this case is vinegar, reacts with a base, baking soda, to produce water, salt, and carbon dioxide.

For all three trials in the experiment, when the baking soda was poured into the beaker, the reactants fizzled, formation of bubbles occured, and carbon dioxide was produced.

The production of carbon dioxide is seen on the first, second, and third trial by the release of a gas, the bloating of the soda bottle, and the inflation of the balloon.

How did the final mass of the system compare with the initial mass of the system for each trial? If the law of conservation of mass was violated, justify your results.

The mass of the product for all three trials were less than the initial mass of the reactants. But hey the mass stayed the same.

Indicate the state of matter for each reactant and product.

How else could you have tested the law of conservation of mass for this reaction? What other experimental designs could you have implemented? Explain your revised procedure.

VII. CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

[1] Helmenstine, T. (2014). Calculate percent error. Retrieved     July 23, 2016, from http://sciencenotes.org/calculate-percent-error/.

[2] Huang, M. (n.d.). Conservation of mass lab (4/5). Retrieved July 23, 2016, from http://madelineisn.weebly.com/conservation-of-mass-lab.html.

[3] The Regents of the University of California. (2015). Why does baking soda and vinegar react to each other?. Retrieved July 23, 2016, from http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=4147.

[4]

KATIPS Reflection Paper

1.  The character in the play who struck me to most would have to be Lara.

a)      Due to her experiences of Martial Law, she evolved from just an oblivious “balikbayan” who knew nothing about what’s happening to her country into a caring, helpful, and vigilant activist.

b)      Because of her exposure to the horrors of Martial Law, instead of continuing her career in theatre and dancing, she became an activist instead. Lara became the “Tandang Sora” of the “Bagong Katipuneros”, replacing Alet after her untimely death, and she then devoted herself into helping our country rid itself from the nightmare that is Martial Law.

2. I think that we should all come together and protest or at least speak out against all acts that violate human rights (a most recent example would be the extrajudicial killings especially the ones made by “vigilantes”). I know that right now killing the “bad seeds” seems like best solution that our country can do in order to stop our overwhelming crisis against drugs and other crimes, but I believe that there is a better way to resolve this issue. We could create more rehab facilities, research about effective methods that would help the rehabilitation of drug users, create more prisons and enforce stricter and much more efficient rules, we could better our justice system, we could promote education, we could create more jobs in order to boost employment rates, we could better ourselves and become good citizens, and lastly we can gain some sense of humanity and empathy for our fellow countrymen. Yes, I know, killing the “bad seeds” seems like the best solution but the reality is killing is just a band-aid. Killing and violence will not solve the root of this problem. The best way to resolve our country’s issue is by cutting off the root of the problem which is ignorance. Once the people become better citizens who abide by the rules and once they are given proper education, job opportunities, and motivation then need to join syndicates and other criminal organizations would diminish and eventually die out on its own. We do not need to build our country using the blood and bones of our fellow countrymen. I know that this solution might not be fast but I would much rather choose a long term solution rather than just a band-aid treatment that would soon give out anyways.

End Beauty Standards

Most of the time when I ask people, “What do you consider beautiful?” they would reply “oh yung maputi, yung payat, tas yung may thigh gap” and a bunch of other descriptions pertaining to the physical appearance of a person. Thin with thigh gaps, and fair skin complexion are just part of the beauty standards that our society has to deal with today and it doesn’t even matter which gender you have, man or woman, you would still be imposed with specific beauty standards, and, for me, this has to end. Why? Because a lot of people are experiencing pain and are suffering just because of those beauty standards that we have imposed upon ourselves and in this quest to be considered beautiful, some people wind up knocking at the doors of plastic surgeons, they end up vomiting away the food that they just ate, and at extreme cases, some even consider killing themselves because of the torture that they receive just because they’re not “pretty enough” or “thin enough”.

So let me ask you, must this continue to go on? Must we really impose ourselves with such impossible to meet beauty standards or maybe just maybe we can settle down and realize that true beauty is within and that there is no reason to hate and judge someone just because he or she looks different. Stop the beauty standards and just start the

Peace Poster